CHILD LABOUR
Child labour is a common feature in India and many other poor countries. It is one of the major evils of urbanization and industrialization. Child labour is engaged not because of shortage of labourers, but due to its easy availability and cheapness. India is over populated and due to this there is wide unemployment. Still, child labour is employed due to its wages being less and easy availability.
For specific jobs women and child labour is considered to be more convenient and cheaper. These workers are available directly through other workers. Specific attempts through advertisement or employment exchanges are not necessary.
Normally child labour is engaged for simple and easy jobs. So, these children do not need specific training or education. This reduces cost of training and the workers do not bear loss of the training period.
Child labour is a social evil. In a way it is an economic evil also. Now sociologists, government, social reformers, etc. are opposing the evil of child labour. Most of the child labour is actually a bonded labour. It simply ruins the childhood of the children and makes them pessimistic. It also causes adult unemployment.
Various legislations are there to cure the evils of child labour. Everyone knows the horrors of child and bonded labour. Legislations also prohibit these. However, these laws are not properly implemented, so child labour is still to existence.